Week 4- Juvenile Death Penalty-Justin Vizcaino

The death penalty is a very stigmatized concept when applied to the youth. We consider citizens adults at the age of 18, yet many children aged 17 and younger have been given the death penalty sentence for crimes they committed. “As is the case throughout the juvenile justice system, African-American and Latino youth are disproportionately affected by the juvenile death penalty” (Morreale 2004). Our film stated that many professors believe that the death penalty affects the poor first. Since the majority of poverty affects colored people, the death penalty directly affects minorities. “Although African-Americans and Latinos makeup approximately 6.8% and 6.9% of the U.S. population ages 14 through 17, respectively, 41% of the73 juvenile offenders on death row as of March 15, 2004 was black or African-American and 21% was of Latino or Hispanic origin” (Morreale 2004).

I also think it is interesting how many states have gradually condemned the death penalty for youths. “Over the past couple of years, many states have begun to outlaw the death penalty” (Lane 2005). I do not believe that the death penalty positively affects society. After watching the film, I believe that many of the juvenile inmates are genuinely remorseful. These juveniles can be reformed and should not have their life striped from them. Instead of focusing on the death penalty, we should focus on reform programs. If we develop effective reform programs, we can become a more wholesome society. Also, we need to focus on rectifying societal structure. These acts of crime are occurring because of the societal environments these children are placed in.




Works Cited

Films for the Humanities and Sciences."Death Row Kids" 2005. Online video clip. Arizona Universities Library Consortium. FMG Video On Demand. Accessed on 7 February 2011. http://digital.films.com/play/ VGL58V



Morreale, M. C., & English, A. (2004). Abolishing the death penalty for juvenile offenders: A background paper. Journal of Adolescent Health, 35(4), 335-339.



Steinberg, L., & Scott, E. S. (2003). Less guilty by reason of adolescence: Developmental immaturity, diminished responsibility, and the juvenile death penalty. The American Psychologist, 58(12), 1009-18.

Transitional Justice Watch Blog #2:Darfur

Dear Victim,

You are experiencing extreme strife and inequality. Many of the people involved in the military are oppressing you and stripping you of your rights. The military extorts the youth and encourages you to offer your boys up to the regime. You are told that your boys’ participation in the regime will help to keep you safe. However, the regime often kills your children and shows no remorse for the tragedies they are committing.

  
Much of the success of the oppressions stems from the politics of fear. The government is able to strike fear into the hearts of the citizens and to keep everyone in check. Withholding of education is also another that the government is able to control the people. I believe that we need to continue to educate ourselves on effective diplomatic relations. The key to ending the misery does not benefit from solitary rebel groups operating alone.

Darfur benefits from increased oil revenue and is one of the fasting growing countries in Africa. This access to wealth can allow for Darfur to become a very prosperous/successful country. I believe that the way to achieve that is to keep working together and bonding. I am the leader of a rebel group that seeks change in a progressive manner.

I want you to know that there are many different people in Darfur that are working to help relieve that pain of the regime. Sudan soldiers have been dealt many different defeats at the hands of Darfur rebels. We have created a coalition of groups that meet and discuss about the progression of Darfur. I believe that if we consolidate our groups we will be more effective at negotiating with the government.

Our country will eventually become a fair place for everyone to live. Our regimes are becoming stronger and we do not seek to oppress the people by gaining power. We are trying to cooperate with the government and reach peaceful agreements. I would advise you to become active in the efforts but to never become hostile towards people.

Signed,

General Agway (Rebel leader, diplomat, politician, seeker of peace)

Documentary Film: Heart of Darfur
http://topics.nytimes.com/top/news/international/countriesandterritories/sudan/index.html 

Juvenile Correctional Programs-Week 3-Feb 7th, 2011

I believe that it is quite astonishing how many youths are incarcerated and sentenced. I believe that we need to take more precautions to prevent this! “Adolescents incarcerated in the criminal court under the Juvenile Offender Law are sent to a ‘Division for Youth’ facility that is less restrictive than adult facilities and prioritizes education as a correctional goal” (Kupchik 2007). Sentencing youths to adult crimes prohibits them from receiving these benefits of educational reform. However, while the notion of a youth correctional facility in essence seems like a good idea, the benefits may not even exist. “Yet, it is unclear that these various options actually present different results, or that the juvenile facilities to which young adults are sentenced are substantially different than adult facilities” (Kupchik 2007). 
I believe that instead of focusing so much money towards convicting children, we need to develop research teams that discover the best methods to reform them. We are not even sure if youth correctional facilities work, so it is a waste of money to keep operating them. I believe that we should also focus on community building and creating positive environments for these children to live in. Children with strong family and community support are less likely to end up on the streets or conducting crime.

Play and Deliquency-Week 2-Jan 31st, 2011

The readings and video clips offered great insight into the possibility that play and delinquency are directly related. “Even animals regularly play and that this play can turn predatory/hostile encounters into friendly exchanges” (Ted Talks 2008). The number of children who are confined to Juvenile Prison facilities are appalling.  However, there is much hope when these children are interviewed and many of the children demonstrate much enthusiasm for the possibility of a good life. I believe that the Ted Lecture we watched is correct when it states that play is positively linked to human development. I believe that play can relieve stress and limit the chance that a hostile or violent act will occur from a human. I believe that many of the children that end up in Juvy are forced to work and help support their families. Their play time is significantly reduced. However, I believe that play cannot overcome hostile environments. Play itself is not enough to overcome competition or violence. The societal structures of humans need to be supportive and fair in order to maintain peace and decrease violence.

Transitional Justice Watch Blog #1:

The comedy theater I work at is structured in a very loose hierarchy. Our artistic director is the highest level of command and the level below is the department supervisors. However, all of our ideas are valued equally. I think that this type of hierarchy allows for much conflict to arise. Since we have the opportunity to have our voices heard equally by the Artistic Director, our supervisors feel constantly threatened and engage in conflict with me regularly.


My supervisors and I constantly argue over our belief systems. I believe that I should be able to express myself any way I please. Conflicts over values are “When people, groups, and nations have relations with each other, but hold different deeply held beliefs about the role of an individual, group or family within their culture, cultural practices, politics, and religion” (Mertz and Lieber 29). I like to wear my gangster clothing to work and they believe that I do not look responsible. I believe that they are stereotyping my choice of clothing with a low class citizen. I believe that they are trying to conform too much and I am trying to express my freedom to too much of an extent.


I believe that this conflict directly emerges from identity. I do not like to be labeled as a thug, and the theater does not want the public to associate the theater with the lower class. I also feel that this conflict also emerges from ethnic differences. My ethnicity does not associate thug clothing with lower class citizens. We view gangster clothing as a celebration of our culture. My supervisors are white Caucasians that grew up in the suburbs and associate gangster clothing with poor values.

I see many different similarities and difference between my conflicts and the world conflicts. I believe that the conflicts arise from many of the same sources. Desire for freedom and defending of personal values is a driving force. The major differences are that the more major conflicts have religion more closely intertwined. Both types of conflicts are equally important and if we work better to resolve local conflicts, we can prevent major conflicts!


I believe that peace is the acceptance of everyone’s idea. If everyone’s ideas are accepted, no one will feel the need to engage in conflict. However, this is easier said than done, because the acceptance of one person’s ideas often results in the denial of someone else’s beliefs. I believe that national meetings and conferences will help to thwart global conflict. Communication is the key to finding solutions and attempting to compromise.

http://helpguide.org/mental/eq8_conflict_resolution.htm

Week 1-How old is 15 Really?

I believe that this stand-up set displays the many different socioeconomic issues that affect us today. Dave Chappelle is a well-educated African-American comic and I believe that he convey the thoughts and feelings that many people within the African-American community may be feeling. I believe that society still refuses to see all genders and ethnicities as equals. Women are seen as being more vulnerable than men which is why boys are stripped of their child status at an earlier age than girls. I also believe that African-Americans are seen as less vulnerable than Caucasians. Black people are often associated with eh ghetto as a result of the media’s teachings.

The ghetto is seen as a rough place and this is the reason that many African-Americans are seen as adults earlier in life by the white society. I can personally attest to this phenomenon. I was raised in a small suburban town that was 93% Caucasian. On the hot summer days I would see my friends get rides from strangers to avoid the heat on the way to school. I was never offered these rides because society saw me as a colored boy and labeled me as self-sufficient. I think we will someday achieve equal rights for everyone but I do not believe that we will ever label people in an equal way.

12-7 Final Draft

Justin Vizcaino                                                                                                                                  

Eng 215

Professor Patel

11/30/2010

The Effects of Media on Gender Roles in America

Hip-Hop music is one of the most influential genres that affect gender roles today. “Misogyny and male dominance run rampant through hip-hop music” (Mook 25). Hip-Hop is often classified as the youth’s preferences of music. “Approximately 80% of youths aged 8-18 stated that they enjoyed hip-hop music” (Mook 41). With such a wide audience, the misogynistic themes of hip-hop music are able to shape gender roles. Numerous rap songs criticize males who are “soft” or who do not exemplify male dominance. These types of criticisms discourage the youth from taking on the stereotypical woman role of “care and compassion”. Women are constantly criticized, and any female rapper in the early 1990’s was labeled as inferior. Although hip-hop music has recently begun to become more progressive, rap music continues to negatively shape and reinforce gender roles and stereotypes.

Men and women have been pigeon holed into the same gender roles for thousands of years. “Men possess a greater physical capacity then women and therefore have always been categorized as the aggressive counterpart” (Justice 60). Women birth children and traditionally raise the youth while taking the nurturing caretaker role. These long lasting gender roles are still being reinforced today by rap music. “Women are pigeonholed into the role of inferior baby mama, and men are gloried as street thugs who have no compassion for their female counterparts” (Mook 12). These gender roles are overdramatized in rap music and are exploited in order to reinforce male dominance.  Rap music encourages our culture to prevent the acceptance of dual gender societal role integration.

Men are portrayed in rap videos as over aggressive barbarians. “The average rock/hip-hop music video will show on average thirty four images of women degradation and violence” (Deveaux 22). Women are often depicted as objects and are often labeled as property. Rappers with the most “girls” are labeled as the most successful and popular. “Rap music also glamorized the idea of pimps and hoes” (Mook 6). Jay-Z’s 2002 song “Big Pimpin” topped the Billboard charts and received constant air play on MTV and BET for its accompanying music video. Jay-Z’s “Big Pimpin” video contained images of champagne being poured on girls and subtly reinforced male superiority and woman helplessness.

The girls shown in the music video acted as though they were surprised by being sprayed with champagne. They did not appear that they offered consent. However, the music video did not depict any remorse for Jay-Z’s actions and no repercussions were show to affect Jay-Z. Another theme that is popular in hip-hop is the “diss record.” Jay-Z and many other famous rappers constantly label other rappers as feminine and insult their masculinity. “This feminine label and questioning of manhood is often regarded as one of the most severe insults that can be created. “Terms such as sissy girl and hoe are evidence that men who possess feminine qualities are often shunned from hip-hop society.” (Deveaux 32).

 American society structure was built on the principle of equality for all. However, Rap music is helping to hinder the integration of dual gender roles. “The average person experiences an average of 3000 hip-hop media images a day” (Deveaux 25). Rap music could be used as an optimal vessel to affect the current youth in a positive way. “Misogyny and male dominance run rampant through hip-hop music but the tide is beginning to change.” (Mook 25). Americans need to recognize the power and potential of our hip-hop music outlets, and need to instill better monitoring. Rap music can be used as a positive outlet to promote the acceptance of dual gender roles, and we have seen evidence of this today. “Conscious Rap is beginning to take the forefront in hip-hop music. Artists such as Common, Mos Def, and Talib Kweli have begun to rap about equal rights and discourage misogyny” (Mook 56). Rap music can promote strengthened relationships between sexes, promote integration of dual gender roles, and help our society to evolve.

 http://s0.ilike.com/play#Dr.+Dre:Bitches+Ain%27t+Shit:185503:m32548609

Work Cited

1.Beedles, Bonnie, and Michael Petracca. Academic Communities/disciplinary Conventions. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2001. Print.

2.Deveaux, Monique. Feminism and Empowerment: A Critical Reading of Foucault. New York: JSTOR Press, 1994. Print.

3. Justice, Laura M. Communication Sciences and Disorders: A Contemporary Perspective. Pearson Education Inc., 2010. Print.

4. Mook, Richard. Rap Music and Hip Hop Culture. Dubuque, IA: Kendall Hunt, 2009. Print.